Investigação da vulnerabilidade de poços de abastecimento do município de Marau - RS

Abstract

The county of Marau, Rio Grande do Sul, has records of 144 underground wells distributed throughout the city, verified by the Underground Water Information System (SIAGAS). Due to population growth, Marau continues to developing industries, neighborhoods, rural areas, schools, and recreational centers are being designed and built. Due to this growth, pollution is the consequence, making water tables vulnerable through activities such as water resource management, land use, and solid waste generation, which are directly attributed to the county's basic sanitation plan. The purpose of this final paper was to diagnose the areas of environmental vulnerabilities of public supply wells, using the GOD method, in the identification of the most vulnerable areas, and subsequently, the mapping of these areas was carried out with the support of the arcgis software. Because of the data collected and analyzed from the SIAGAS website, when applying the GOD method, six points with the highest vulnerability ratings were pointed out, as well as five points that are not classified as more vulnerable, however, they were located. in the vicinity of potentially polluting activities, having static levels close to the surface. Among these classifications, it was necessary to indicate three wells as the main naturally vulnerable ones, taking into account the activities close to them, which justifies the order of vulnerability from highest to lowest. Point 4300009420, as the first most vulnerable, has a natural vulnerability of 0.36 and is located close to a cemetery. Point 4300002110, second most vulnerable, due to being close to a gas station, has a natural vulnerability of 0.60. Point 4300027718 as the third most vulnerable, due to being close to a metallurgical industry, and has a natural vulnerability of 0.40. Nowadays, there is the emergence of new activities in vulnerable places, thus denoting the lack of awareness and knowledge. The inspection and study of these vulnerable places is of paramount importance, so that impacts can be mitigated, avoiding possible health problems for their consumers.